Apparatus, Method, and Computer-Readable Medium for Interfacing Devices with Communications Networks

ABSTRACT

An apparatus, method, and computer-readable medium for interfacing devices with communications networks are provided. According to one aspect, an interface device for providing communications between a first communications network and a device associated with a second communications network comprises one or more inputs, one or more outputs, and logic. The one or more inputs of the interface device receive data in a first format from the first communications network. The logic translates the data to a second format compatible with the second communications device. The translated data is then transmitted to the device associated with the second communications network via the one or more outputs. The first and second formats may comprise rich media content.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a Continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,820, entitled “Apparatus, Method, and Computer-Readable Medium for Interfacing Devices with Communications Networks,” filed Dec. 30, 2005, which is a Continuation-In-Part patent application of co-pending U.S. Pat. No. 7,194,083, entitled “System and Method for Interfacing Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) Devices with Cellular Networks,” filed on Jul. 15, 2002, each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

This patent application is related to the following U.S. patents and co-pending U.S. patent applications: U.S. Pat. No. 7,623,654, entitled “Systems and Methods for Interfacing Telephony Devices with Cellular and Computer Networks,” filed on Aug. 30, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 7,522,722, entitled “System and Method for Interfacing Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) Devices with Cellular Devices in Communication with a Cellular Network,” filed on Aug. 30, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 7,200,424, entitled “Systems and Methods for Restricting the Use and Movement of Telephony Devices,” filed on Aug. 30, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 7,623,653, entitled “Systems and Methods for Passing Through Alternative Network Device Features to Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) Devices,” filed on Aug. 30, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 7,363,034, entitled “Cellular Docking Station,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,180, entitled “Apparatus, Method, and Computer-Readable Medium for Interfacing Communications Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,825, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Providing a User Interface for Facilitating Communications Between Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,181, entitled “Apparatus, Method, and Computer-Readable Medium for Securely Providing Communications Between Devices and Networks,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/324,034, entitled “Plurality of Interface Devices for Facilitating Communications Between Devices and Communications Networks,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,182, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Providing Communications and Connection-Oriented Services to Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,185, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Prioritizing Communications Between Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/324,149, entitled “Apparatus, Method, and Computer-Readable Medium for Communication Between and Controlling Network Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,186, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Aggregating and Accessing Data According to User Information,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/324,033, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Restricting Access to Data,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/323,818, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Providing Emergency and Alarm Communications,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/324,154, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Testing Communication Capabilities of Networks and Devices,” filed on Dec. 30, 2005. Each of the U.S. patents and applications listed in this section is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The exemplary embodiments relate generally to telecommunications and, more particularly, to an apparatus, method, and computer-readable medium for interfacing devices with communications networks.

BACKGROUND

Emerging communications network protocols and solutions, such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and WI-FI, allow individuals to use VoIP and WI-FI compatible devices to communicate with each other over wide area networks, such as the Internet, in the same manner in which they currently communicate over the Public Switched Telecommunications Network (PSTN). However, in most instances, owners of legacy devices such as cellular telephones and Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) devices which are compatible with cellular networks and the PSTN are not capable of interfacing these devices to networks associated with the emerging communications network protocol and solutions. Thus, legacy device owners are inconvenienced by having multiple devices that lack functionality with the emerging communications network protocols and solutions. Owners of legacy devices cannot convert data sent via the emerging communications network protocols and solutions to formats compatible with the legacy devices. Moreover, users cannot dictate which devices should receive data and in what format the devices should receive the data.

SUMMARY

In accordance with the present exemplary embodiments, the above and other problems are solved by providing an apparatus, method, and computer-readable medium for providing communications between a first communications network and a device associated with a second communications network. Through the embodiments, communications between a first communications network and a device associated with a second communications network can be provided by an interface device.

According to one aspect, an interface device for providing communications between a first communications network and a device associated with a second communications network comprises one or more inputs, one or more outputs, and logic. The one or more inputs of the interface device receive data in a first format from the first communications network. The logic translates the data to a second format compatible with the second communications device. The translated data is then transmitted to the device associated with the second communications network via the one or more outputs. The first and second formats may comprise rich media content.

The data is received at the one or more inputs from the first communications network, which may be a wireless or a wired network, via a communications device. The data may be received at the one or more inputs from the communications device via a wireless connection or a wired connection.

According to other aspects, a method for providing communications between a first communications network and a device associated with a second communications network via an interface device is provided. Data in a first format is received from the first communications network at one or more inputs of the interface device. In particular, the interface device receives the data from the first communications network via a communications device. The data received from the first communications device is translated to a second format compatible with the second communications device. In an embodiment, the translated data is transmitted to the device associated with the second communications network via one or more outputs of the interface device. The first communications network may be a wired or a wireless network. The data may be received at the one or more inputs from the communications device via a wireless connection or a wired connection.

According to yet another aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to receive data in a first format from a first communications network at one or more inputs of an interface device. The data is received at the interface device from the first communications network via a communications device. The data is translated to a second format compatible with a second communications network and is then transmitted to a device associated with the second communications network via one or more outputs. The first communications network may be a wired network. The data may be received at the one or more inputs from the communications device via a wireless connection or a wired connection.

The above-described aspects may also be implemented as a computer-controlled apparatus, a computer process, a computing system, an apparatus, or as an article of manufacture such as a computer program product or computer-readable medium. The computer program product may be a computer storage media readable by a computer system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process. The computer program product may also be a propagated signal on a carrier readable by a computing system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process.

These and various other features as well as advantages, which characterize exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from a reading of the following detailed description and a review of the associated drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Many aspects of the exemplary embodiments can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the exemplary embodiments. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional POTS connection to a telephone company through a network interface device;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one illustrative embodiment of the system for interfacing POTS devices with cellular networks;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing one illustrative embodiment of the interface of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing one illustrative embodiment of the hardware within the interface of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing one illustrative embodiment of the method for interfacing POTS devices with cellular networks;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are flowcharts showing one illustrative embodiment of the method associated with the conversion of cellular network compatible signals to POTS compatible signals;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are flowcharts showing another illustrative embodiment of the method associated with the conversion of cellular network compatible signals to POTS compatible signals;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing several steps associated with the conversion of POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals;

FIGS. 9 through 12 are flowcharts showing several illustrative embodiments of the method associated with the conversion of POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an alternative illustrative embodiment of the interface device;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an illustrative embodiment of the method and computer-readable medium associated with providing bi-directional communications between a first device and a second device; and

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an illustrative embodiment of the method and computer-readable medium associated with interfacing devices with communications networks.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to the description. While several illustrative embodiments will be described in connection with these drawings, there is no intent to limit it to the illustrative embodiment or illustrative embodiments disclosed therein. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents included within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as defined by the claims.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional POTS connection to a PSTN 110 through a Network Interface Device (NID) 140. Since such connections are well known, only a cursory discussion is presented here. As shown in FIG. 1, several POTS devices 140, 150 occupy a location 120 (e.g., home, business, etc.). Each POTS device 140, 150 is connected to the NID 140 by two-conductor pair wires 130 b, 130 c, also known as POTS pairs, or twisted pairs. The NID 140 serves as the interface between the POTS devices 140, 150 and the PSTN 110, wherein the NID 140 is connected to the PSTN 110 through at least a two-conductor pair 130 a or landline 130 a. As evident from FIG. 1, if the landline 130 a is severed, or if the landline 130 a is unavailable due to geographical limitations, then the POTS devices 140, 150 within the location 120 have no connection to the PSTN 110.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one illustrative embodiment of a system for interfacing POTS devices 140, 150 with cellular networks. As shown in FIG. 2, one or more POTS devices 140, 150 occupy a location 120. However, unlike FIG. 1, the POTS devices 140, 150 in FIG. 2 are configured to communicate with at least one cellular tower 250 through an interface device 240, thereby permitting connection between the POTS devices 140, 150 and a cellular network. In this sense, the POTS devices 140, 150 are connected to the interface device 240, rather than an NID 140 (FIG. 1), by two-conductor pair wires 130 d, 130 e. Since the interface device 240 is a bridge between the POTS devices 140, 150 and the cellular network, the interface device 240 is configured to receive POTS compatible signals from the POTS devices 140, 150 and convert the POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals, which are transmitted from the interface device 240 to the cellular tower 250. Additionally, the interface device 240 is configured to receive cellular network compatible signals from the cellular tower 250 and convert the cellular network compatible signals to POTS compatible signals, which are then forwarded to the POTS devices 140, 150 for use within the location 120. While a specific PSTN network is not shown in FIG. 2, it will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art that the cellular tower 250 may be connected to a PSTN network, thereby permitting communication with other PSTN devices.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing, in greater detail, a preferred illustrative embodiment of the interface device 240 of FIG. 2. In the preferred illustrative embodiment, the cellular network compatible signals are transmitted and received at the interface device 240 by a cellular telephone 305 while the POTS compatible signals are transmitted and received at the interface device 240 through a POTS interface 380, such as an RJ11 interface 380. Thus, in the preferred illustrative embodiment, the interface device 240 comprises a cellular phone docking station 310 that is configured to interface with the cellular telephone 305, thereby establishing a communications link with the cellular telephone 305. The cellular phone docking station 310 may also have a tuned antenna 320 that is configured to improve transmission and reception by the cellular telephone 305, thereby providing a more robust connection to the cellular network through the cellular tower 250 (FIG. 2). The tuned antenna 320 may be coupled to a cellular telephone antenna 315 in a non-destructive, non-contact, or capacitative manner, for example, using capacitative coupling 325, as shown in FIG. 3. In addition to interfacing with a cellular telephone 305 through one of a variety of conventional interfaces (not shown), the cellular phone docking station 310 is configured to receive signaling data through signaling line 355, which may include commands associated with outgoing telephone calls. Thus, in one illustrative embodiment, the signaling data on signaling line 355 may be indicative of a telephone number.

The received signaling data on signaling line 355 is conveyed to the cellular telephone 305 by the cellular phone docking station 310, thereby permitting control over certain operations of the cellular telephone 305 using the signaling data on signaling line 355. In conveying the signaling data on signaling line 355, the cellular phone docking station 305 may modify the signaling data on signaling line 355 appropriately (e.g., amplify, attenuate, reformat, etc.), or, alternatively, the cellular phone docking station 305 may relay the signaling data on signaling line 355 without modification. Regardless of whether or not the signaling data on signaling line 355 is modified, several aspects of the conveyed signal are discussed below, in greater detail, with reference to other components 350 associated with the interface device 240. Although the term line is used to describe various non-limiting embodiments, one skilled in the art will be aware that in some embodiments a line carrying signals may be a path on a separate communication media from other signals while the line carrying signals in other embodiments may be a path on a communications media into which many different signals are multiplexed using various multiplexing techniques known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the signals may be carried by wireless communication media.

In addition to the cellular phone docking station 310, the interface device 240 comprises an interface controller 370, an audio relay 365, a tone generator 375, and a power supply 335. The audio relay 365 is configured to exchange analog-audio signals 345 between the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular phone docking station 310. In this sense, for incoming analog-audio signals 345 (i.e., audio from the cellular telephone 305 to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the audio relay 365 receives analog-audio signals 345 from the cellular phone docking station 310 and transmits the analog-audio signals 345 to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the POTS interface (e.g., RJ11 interface) 380. Similarly, for outgoing analog-audio signals 345 (i.e., audio from the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) to the cellular telephone 305), the analog audio signals 345 are received by the audio relay 365 through the POTS interface 380 and transmitted to the cellular phone docking station 310. Thus, the audio relay 365 provides a bi-directional communication link for the analog-audio signals 345 between the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular phone docking station 310. In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the audio relay 365 is also configured to either amplify or attenuate the analog-audio signals 345 in response to audio-control signals 385 generated by the interface controller 370. Thus, the behavior of the audio relay 365 is governed by the interface controller 370, which is discussed in greater detail below.

The tone generator 375 is configured to generate certain tones that are used by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2). For example, when there is an incoming telephone call, the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) “ring” to indicate the presence of the incoming telephone call. The tone generator 375, in such instances, is configured to generate a ring tone, which is then transmitted to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the POTS interface 380. The transmitted ring tone indicates to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) that they should “ring,” thereby notifying the user of the incoming telephone call. The ring tone is generated in response to a ring enable signal on ring enable line 395, which is discussed below with reference to the interface controller 370.

In another example, when a user picks up a POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2), a dial-tone is produced at the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2). The tone generator 375 is configured to generate the dial tone and transmit the generated dial tone to the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2). The dial tone is generated in response to a dial enable signal on dial enable line 390, which is also discussed below with reference to the interface controller 370.

The power supply 335 is configured to provide the components of the interface device 240 with the requisite power. In this sense, the power supply 335 is connected to an external power supply 330 from which it receives external power. The external power is converted by the power supply 335 to a DC voltage, which is used to power the cellular phone docking station 310, the tone generator 375, the interface controller 370, and any other device in the interface device 240 that may be powered by a DC source.

The interface controller 370 is configured to control the behavior of the audio relay 365, the tone generator 375, and the cellular phone docking station 310 during the conversion of POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals, and vice versa. Thus, when an outgoing telephone call is placed by one of the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the interface controller 370 receives the dialed numbers and converts the dialed numbers to a digital command. The digital command is transmitted as signaling data on signaling line 355 from the interface controller 370 to the cellular phone docking station 310, which, in turn, transmits the signaling data on signaling line 355 to the cellular telephone 305. The signaling data, therefore, 355 instructs the cellular telephone 305 to dial the number. In one illustrative embodiment, when the number has been dialed and the called party picks up the phone, the cellular telephone 305 detects the connection and conveys an analog-audio signal 345 to the audio relay 365. In this illustrative embodiment, the audio relay 365 subsequently indicates to the interface controller 370 that the call is connected, and the interface controller 370 generates an audio-control signal 385, thereby enabling bi-directional audio communication of analog-audio signals 345 (i.e., talking between the connected parties) through the audio relay 365. If the party on the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2) disconnects (i.e., hangs up the phone), then the disconnect is detected by the interface controller 370 through the POTS interface 380. In this illustrative embodiment, the interface controller 370 generates another audio-control signal 385 in response to the disconnect, thereby disabling the audio relay 365 and terminating the bi-directional audio communication between the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305. The interface controller 370 further generates, in response to the disconnect, signaling data on signaling line 355, which instructs the cellular telephone 305 to stop transmission and reception. If, on the other hand, the cellular telephone 305 disconnects, then this is detected by the audio relay 365 in one illustrative embodiment. The audio relay 365, in turn, transmits the disconnect information to the interface controller 370, and the interface controller 370 subsequently generates the audio-control signal 385 to disable the audio relay 365.

In another illustrative embodiment, information relating to the connected call is transmitted to the interface controller 370 as signaling data on signaling line 355, rather than as an analog-audio signal 345. In this illustrative embodiment, the cellular telephone 305 generates signaling data on signaling line 355 when the connection is established. The signaling data on signaling line 355 is received by the interface controller 370, which generates an audio-control signal 385 in response to the received signaling data on signaling line 355. The audio-control signal 385 enables the audio relay 365, thereby permitting bi-directional audio communication between the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305. If the party on the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2) disconnects (i.e., hangs up the phone), then the disconnect is detected by the interface controller 370 through the POTS interface 380. The interface controller 370 subsequently generates an audio-control signal 385 to disable the audio relay 365, thereby terminating the bi-directional audio communication between the POTS telephone 140 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305. If, however, the cellular telephone 305 disconnects, then the cellular telephone 305, in this illustrative embodiment, generates signaling data on signaling line 355 indicative of the disconnected call. The generated signaling data on signaling line 355 is transmitted to the interface controller 370, which subsequently generates an audio-control signal 385 to disable the audio relay 365.

In the case of an incoming telephone call, the cellular telephone 305 detects the incoming telephone call and conveys this information to the interface controller 370. In one illustrative embodiment, the information is conveyed to the interface controller 370 through the audio relay 365. Thus, in this illustrative embodiment, the incoming telephone call generates an analog-audio signal 345 at the cellular telephone 305. The analog-audio signal 345 is transmitted from the cellular telephone 305 to the audio relay 365 through the cellular phone docking station 310, and the audio relay 365 then indicates to the interface controller 370 that there is an incoming call. The interface controller 370 receives this information and generates a ring enable signal on ring enable line 395. The ring enable signal on ring enable line 395 is received by the tone generator 375, which generates the ring tone in response to the ring enable signal on ring enable line 395. The ring tone makes the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) “ring.” When one of the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is picked up and a connection is established, the interface controller 370 detects the established call and generates signaling data on signaling line 355, which indicates to the cellular telephone 305 that the connection is established. Additionally, the interface controller 370 generates an audio-control signal 385, which enables the audio relay 365 for bi-directional audio communication between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305. When the call ends, the system disconnects as described above.

In another illustrative embodiment, the information is conveyed to the interface controller 370 through signaling data on signaling line 355. Thus, in this illustrative embodiment, when the cellular telephone 305 detects an incoming telephone call, it generates signaling data on signaling line 355. The signaling data on signaling line 355 is transmitted to the interface controller 370, thereby indicating that there is an incoming call. The interface controller 370 receives this information and generates a ring enable signal on ring enable line 395. The ring enable signal on ring enable line 395 is received by the tone generator 375, which generates the ring tone in response to the ring enable signal on ring enable line 395. The tone makes the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) “ring.” When one of the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is picked up and a connection is established, the interface controller 370 detects the established call and generates signaling data on signaling line 355, which indicates to the cellular telephone 305 that the connection is established. Additionally, the interface controller 370 generates an audio-control signal 385, which enables the audio relay 365 for bi-directional audio communication between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305. When the call ends, the system disconnects as described above.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the interface controller 370 of FIG. 3 in greater detail. The interface controller 370 is shown in FIG. 4 as comprising a processor 410, Random-Access Memory (RAM) 460, Read-Only Memory (ROM) 440, Static-Random-Access Memory (SRAM) 450, an off-hook/pulse sensor 430, and a Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) decoder 420. The ROM 440 is configured to store the instructions that run the interface controller 370. In this sense, the ROM 440 is configured to store the program that controls the behavior of the interface controller 370, thereby allowing the interface controller 370 to convert POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals, and vice versa. The SRAM 450 is adapted to store configuration information, such as whether the system is amenable to 10-digit dialing or 7-digit dialing, international calling protocols, etc. Thus, the SRAM 450 may be adapted differently for systems that are used in different geographical areas, or systems that use different calling protocols. The RAM 460 is configured to store temporary data during the running of the program by the processor 410. The processor is configured to control the operation of the off-hook/pulse sensor 430, the DTMF decoder 420, the tone generator 375, and the audio relay 365 in accordance with the instructions stored in ROM 440. Additionally, the processor 410 is configured to generate signaling data on signaling line 355, which may instruct the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to dial a number, disconnect a call, etc. Several of these functions are discussed in detail below with reference to the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 and the DTMF decoder 420.

The off-hook/pulse sensor 430 is configured to detect when any of the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are off-hook and generate an off-hook signal 435 when a POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is detected as being off-hook. In this sense, the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 is connected to the POTS interface 380 (FIG. 3) through the two-conductor pair wires 130 g. Thus, when any of the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) connected to the two-conductor pair 130 go off-hook, the off-hook is detected by the off-hook/pulse sensor 430, which is also connected to the two-conductor pair 130. The off-hook/pulse sensor 430 generates an off-hook signal 435 after detecting that a POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is off-hook, and subsequently transmits the off-hook signal 435 to the processor 410. If the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is receiving an incoming call, then the off-hook signal 435 indicates that the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) has “picked up” the incoming call, thereby alerting the processor 410 that the processor 410 should establish a bi-directional audio connection between the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2). If, on the other hand, the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is placing an outgoing call, then the off-hook signal 435 alerts the processor 410 that a phone number will soon follow. In either event, the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 transmits the off-hook signal 435 to the processor 410, which, in turn, generates signaling data on signaling line 355 indicative of the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) being off-hook. The signaling data on signaling line 355 is then conveyed, either with or without modification, to the cellular telephone 305 through the cellular phone docking station 310.

The off-hook/pulse sensor 430 is further configured to detect dialing from POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) that are configured for pulse dialing. Since pulse dialing emulates rapid sequential off-hook signals, the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 receives pulses (i.e., the rapid sequential off-hook signals) and produces a sequence of off-hook signals 435 or pulse-dialing signals. The sequence of off-hook signals 435 is relayed to the processor 410, which converts the sequence of off-hook signals into signaling data on signaling line 355 that is indicative of the dialed number. The signaling data on signaling line 355 is transmitted from the processor 410 to the cellular telephone 305 through the cellular phone docking station 310. The cellular telephone 305, after receiving the signaling data on signaling line 355, dials the number indicated by the signaling data on signaling line 355, thereby permitting phone calls by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network. In one illustrative embodiment, the numbers dialed by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are stored in RAM 460, and, once a predetermined number of dialed numbers has been stored, the processor 410 conveys the stored numbers and a “send” command to the cellular telephone. In other words, upon receiving enough digits to dial a telephone number, as indicated by the configuration information in SRAM 450, the processor 410 commands the cellular telephone 305 to dial the outgoing number, thereby connecting a call from the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network. In another illustrative embodiment, the RAM stores numbers as they are dialed by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2). If, during dialing, the processor 410 detects a delay or a pause, then the processor 410 presumes that all of the digits of the telephone number have been dialed. Thus, the processor 410 commands the cellular telephone 305 to dial the outgoing number, thereby connecting the call from the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network.

The DTMF decoder 420 is configured to detect dialing from POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) that are configured for DTMF or “tone” dialing. The DTMF decoder 420 receives a tone, which represent a number, through the two-conductor pair 130 n. After receiving the tone, the DTMF decoder 420 generates a DTMF-dialing signal 425 that is indicative of the number that was dialed. The DTMF-dialing signal 425 is then transmitted to the processor 410, which converts the DTMF-dialing signal 425 into signaling data on signaling line 355 that is indicative of the number that was dialed. The signaling data on signaling line 355 is transmitted from the processor 410 to the cellular telephone 305 through the cellular phone docking station 310. The cellular telephone 305 subsequently dials the number indicated by the signaling data on signaling line 355, thereby allowing the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) to make a call using the cellular network.

It can be seen, from FIGS. 2 through 4, that the various illustrative embodiments of the system will permit the interfacing of POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) with a cellular network. Specifically, in one illustrative embodiment, POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are interfaced with the cellular network through a cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), which is attached to the interface device 240 at a cellular phone docking station 310. In addition to the various systems, as described above, another illustrative embodiment of the invention may be seen as a method for interfacing POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) with cellular networks. Several illustrative embodiments of the method are described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 12 below.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing one illustrative embodiment of the method for interfacing POTS devices with cellular networks. In a broad sense, once a POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) has been coupled to a cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) through an interface device 240 (FIG. 2), this illustrative embodiment may be seen as converting, in step 530, cellular network compatible signals from the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to POTS compatible signals, and converting, in step 540, POTS compatible signals from the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) to cellular network compatible signals. In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the converting steps 530, 540 are performed at the interface device 240.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are flowcharts showing one illustrative embodiment of the method associated with the conversion 530 of cellular network compatible signals to POTS compatible signals. As an initial matter, the cellular network compatible signals are received through the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, in step 610, the system receives an incoming call through the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Once the incoming call is received 610, the system further receives, in step 620, an analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) indicative of the incoming call from the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). The received analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) is then transmitted, in step 630, to an interface controller 370 (FIG. 3). The interface controller 370 (FIG. 3) generates, in step 640, a ring tone in response to receiving the analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3). In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the ring tone is generated 640 by a tone generator 375 (FIG. 3). The generated 640 ring tone is conveyed, in step 650, to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2), and, when the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is “picked up,” an off-hook signal is generated, in step 660, and conveyed, in step 670, to the interface controller 370 (FIG. 3). This triggers the interface controller 370 (FIG. 3) to activate the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 680, between the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) through the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3). Thus, in this illustrative embodiment, once the incoming call is connected between the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are flowcharts showing another illustrative embodiment of the method associated with the conversion 530 of cellular network compatible signals to POTS compatible signals. Similar to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the cellular network compatible signals here are received through the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, in step 710, the system receives an incoming call through the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). However, unlike the illustrative embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B, once the incoming call is received 710, the system generates, in step 720, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) indicative of the incoming call from the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). The generated 720 signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is then conveyed, in step 730, to an interface controller 370 (FIG. 3). The interface controller 370 (FIG. 3) generates, in step 740, a ring tone in response to signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the ring tone is generated 740 by a tone generator 375 (FIG. 3). The generated 740 ring tone is conveyed, in step 750, to the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2), and, when the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) is “picked up,” an off-hook signal is generated, in step 760, and conveyed, in step 770, to the interface controller 370 (FIG. 3). This triggers the interface controller 370 (FIG. 3) to activate the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 780, between the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) through the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3). Thus, in this illustrative embodiment, once the incoming call is connected between the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing several steps associated with the conversion 540 of POTS compatible signals to cellular network compatible signals. As described above, the interface device 240 (FIG. 2) is configured to allow outgoing calls using either pulse-dialing or “tone” dialing. The method steps associated with pulse-dialing are different from the method steps associated with “tone” dialing. However, regardless of which type of dialing is employed, both methods share several of the initial steps. FIG. 8 describes the shared initial steps associated with an outgoing call from a POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network. When a user “picks up” the phone 140 (FIG. 2) to place an outgoing call, the system detects, in step 810, an off-hook signal at the off-hook/pulse detector 430 (FIG. 4). The system then generates, in step 820, a dial tone in response to the detected off-hook signal. In an illustrative embodiment, the dial tone is generated 820 by the tone generator 375 (FIG. 3). The generated 820 dial tone is conveyed, in step 830, to the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) (i.e., to the person that is placing the outgoing call) to indicate that the system is ready for dialing. In addition to generating 820 the dial tone, the system further generates, in step 840, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) being off-hook. The generated 840 signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is then conveyed, in step 850, to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), either with or without modification, through the cellular phone docking station 310 (FIG. 3), thereby indicating to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) that a user has “picked up” the phone 140 (FIG. 2), and that an outgoing call may be initiated. Thus, in one illustrative embodiment, once the cellular phone 305 (FIG. 3) receives the indication that the user has “picked up” the phone 140 (FIG. 2), the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) blocks incoming calls. Hence, at this point, the system is ready for either pulse dialing or “tone” dialing. In another illustrative embodiment, the step of generating 840 signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) may be completely.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are flowcharts showing several illustrative embodiments of the method associated with pulse dialing. As shown in FIG. 9, in one illustrative embodiment, the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 (FIG. 4) detects, in step 910, a pulse-dialing signal that is indicative of a pulse-dialed number. In response to the pulse-dialing signal, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) generates, in step 920, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the pulse-dialed number and a “send” command. The signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is conveyed, in step 930, to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), either with or without modification (e.g., amplification or attenuation), by the processor 410 (FIG. 4) through the cellular phone docking station 310 (FIG. 3).

In one illustrative embodiment, the numbers dialed by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are stored in RAM 460, and, once a predetermined number of dialed numbers has been stored, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) conveys the stored numbers and a “send” command to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). In other words, upon receiving enough digits to dial a telephone number, as indicated by the configuration information in SRAM 450 (FIG. 4), the processor 410 (FIG. 4) commands the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to dial the outgoing number, thereby connecting a call from the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network. In another illustrative embodiment, the RAM 460 (FIG. 4) stores numbers as they are dialed by the POTS devices 140, 150 (FIG. 2). If, during dialing, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) detects a delay or a pause, then the processor 410 (FIG. 4) presumes that all of the digits of the telephone number have been dialed. Thus, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) commands the cellular telephone 305 to dial the outgoing number, thereby connecting the call from the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) through the cellular network. The command instructs the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to call the number that has been conveyed to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) by the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3).

When the called party “picks up” the phone, the system detects, in step 940, an analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the connected call. At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 950, between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, once the outgoing call is connected between the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

In another illustrative embodiment, rather than waiting for the called party to “pick up” the phone, the system detects an analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of a called-party telephone ringing or a called-party telephone being “busy.” At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, once a called-party telephone ringing or a called-party telephone “busy” signal is detected, the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are connected through the cellular network.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing, in greater detail, another illustrative embodiment of the method associated with pulse dialing. As shown in FIG. 10, the off-hook/pulse sensor 430 (FIG. 4) detects, in step 910, a pulse-dialing signal that is indicative of a pulse-dialed number. In response to the pulse-dialing signal, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) generates, in step 920, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the pulse-dialed number. The signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is conveyed, in step 930, to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), either with or without modification, by the processor 410 (FIG. 4) through the cellular phone docking station 310 (FIG. 3). This instructs the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to call the number that has been conveyed to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) by the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). When the called party “picks up” the phone, the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) generates signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the connected call, and the processor detects, in step 1040, the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 950, between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, again, the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

In another illustrative embodiment, rather than waiting for the called party to “pick up” the phone, the system detects an analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of a called-party telephone ringing or a called-party telephone being “busy.” At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, once a called-party telephone ringing or a called-party telephone “busy” signal is detected, the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) are connected through the cellular network.

FIGS. 11 and 12 are flowcharts showing several illustrative embodiments of the method associated with “tone” dialing. As shown in FIG. 11, in one illustrative embodiment, the DTMF decoder 420 (FIG. 4) detects, in step 1110, a DTMF signal that is indicative of a DTMF-dialed number. In response to the DTMF signal, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) generates, in step 1120, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the DTMF-dialed number. The signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is conveyed, in step 1130, to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), either with or without modification, by the processor 410 (FIG. 4) through the cellular phone docking station 310 (FIG. 3). This instructs the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to call the number that has been conveyed to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) by the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). When the called party “picks up” the phone, the system detects, in step 1140, an analog-audio signal 345 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the connected call. At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 1150, between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, once the incoming call is connected between the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) and the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2), the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing another illustrative embodiment of the method associated with “tone” dialing. As shown in FIG. 12, the DTMF decoder 420 (FIG. 4) detects, in step 1110, a DTMF signal that is indicative of a DTMF-dialed number. In response to the DTMF signal, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) generates, in step 1120, signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the DTMF-dialed number. The signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) is conveyed, in step 1130, to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3), either with or without modification, by the processor 410 (FIG. 4) through the cellular phone docking station 310 (FIG. 3). This instructs the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) to call the number that has been conveyed to the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) by the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). When the called party “picks up” the phone, the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3) generates signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3) that is indicative of the connected call, and the processor detects, in step 1240, the signaling data on signaling line 355 (FIG. 3). At this point, the processor 410 (FIG. 4) enables the audio relay 365 (FIG. 3), and analog-audio signals 345 (FIG. 3) are exchanged, in step 1150, between the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) and the cellular telephone 305 (FIG. 3). Thus, again, the POTS device 140, 150 (FIG. 2) freely communicates through the cellular network.

While several hardware components are shown with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 to describe the interface controller 370, it will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art that the interface controller 370 may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In one illustrative embodiment, the interface controller 370 (FIG. 3) is implemented in software or firmware that is stored in a memory and that is executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in FIGS. 3 and 4, the interface controller may be implemented with any or a combination of the following technologies: a discrete logic circuit having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) having appropriate combinational logic gates, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a communications system 1300 including an interface device 1302 that is an alternative illustrative embodiment of the interface device 240 of FIG. 3. According to this embodiment, the interface device 1302 provides additional functionality, allowing any number of devices and networks to communicate with any number of additional devices and networks. In doing so, the interface device 1302 acts as a gateway for information, receiving and translating data between various formats for transmission over any type of transmission medium. As used herein, data comprises audio, video, voice, text, images, rich media, and any combination thereof.

Turning now to FIG. 13, the interface device 1302 provides communications between at least one of the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and at least one of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n. Communications provided between the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the user devices 1322 a-1322 n via the interface device 1302 may include data comprising audio, video, voice, text, images, rich media, or any combination thereof. The devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the user devices 1322 a-1322 n may include communications devices capable of sending and receiving communications including, but not limited to, cellular telephones, VoIP phones, WI-FI phones, POTS phones, computers, Personal Data Assistants (PDAs), Digital Video Recorders (DVRs), and televisions. According to one embodiment, the devices 1358 a, 1358 b may be associated with communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b such that communications provided by the devices are sent via the communications networks, and communications directed to the devices are delivered via the communications networks. Similarly, the user devices may be associated with communications networks such that communications provided by the user devices are sent via the communications networks, and communications directed to the user devices are delivered via the communications networks as illustrated by the user devices 1322 a-1322 n and the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b in FIG. 13. The communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b and 1356 a, 1356 b may include a wireless network such as, but not limited to, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) such as a WI-FI network, a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) such as BLUETOOTH, a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) such a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) network, or a cellular network. Alternatively, the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b and 1356 a, 1356 b may be a wired network such as, but not limited to, a wired Wide Area Network (WAN), a wired (Local Area Network) LAN such as the Ethernet, a wired Personal Area Network (PAN), or a wired Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).

The interface device 1302 may include at least one interface 1306 for communicating directly with the device 1358 b and for communicating with the communications network 1320 b associated with the device 1358 b. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the interface 1306 may comprise a wireline or wireless adapter for communicating with the device 1358 b and with the communications network 1320 b, which may include one of the wired or wireless networks described above. The interface 1306 may conform to a variety of wired network standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the device 1358 b via a wired signaling connection 1364 and between the interface device and the communications network 1320 b via a wired signaling connection 1342. The interface 1306 may include, but is not limited to, a coaxial cable interface conformed to MPEG standards, POTS standards, and Data Over Cable Service Specifications (DOCSIS). The interface 1306 may also conform to Ethernet LAN standards and may include an Ethernet interface, such as an RJ45 interface (not shown). The interface 1306 may further include a twisted pair interface conformed to POTS standards, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) protocol, and Ethernet LAN standards. Moreover, the interface 1306 may include a fiber optics interface conformed to Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) standards and Resilient Packet Ring standards. It will be appreciated that the interface 1306 may also conform to other wired standards or protocols such as High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI).

The interface 1306 may further conform to a variety of wireless network standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the device 1358 b via a wireless signaling connection 1366 and between the interface device and the communications network 1320 b associated with the device via a wireless signaling connection 1340. The interface 1306 may include a cellular interface conformed to Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) standards, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) standards, and Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the communications network 1320 b. The interface 1306 may also include a WI-FI interface conformed to the 802.11x family of standards (such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g). The interface 1306 may further include a WiMax interface conformed to the 802.16 standards. Moreover, the interface 1306 may include at least one of a satellite interface conformed to satellite standards or a receiver conformed to over-the-air broadcast standards such as, but not limited to, National Television System Committee (NTSC) standards, Phase Alternating Line (PAL) standards, and high definition standards. It will be appreciated that the interface 1306 may also conform to other wireless standards or protocols such as BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and Ultra Wide Band (UWB). According to various embodiments, the interface device 1302 may include any number of interfaces 1306, each conformed to at least one of the variety of wired and wireless network standards described above for receiving data in a variety of formats from multiple devices and networks via multiple transmission media.

In an embodiment, the interface device 1302 may communicate with the device 1358 a and with the communications network 1320 a associated with the device 1358 a via a relay device 1324. The relay device 1324 operates as a transceiver for the interface device 1302 to transmit and receive data to and from the device 1358 a and the communications network 1320 a. The relay device 1324 may modify the signaling data appropriately (e.g., amplify, attenuate, reformat, etc.), or, alternatively, the relay device 1324 may relay the signaling data without modification. Additionally, the relay device 1324 may be fixed, or may be portable to provide a user with a remote means for accessing data from a network or other device via the interface device 1302. Examples of fixed relay devices include, but are not limited to, a DSL modem, a cable modem, a set top device, and a fiber optic transceiver. Examples of portable relay devices include portable communications devices such as, but not limited to, a cellular telephone, a WI-FI telephone, a VoIP telephone, a PDA, a satellite transceiver, or a laptop.

The relay device 1324 may also include a combination of a fixed device and a portable device. For example, the relay device 1324 may comprise a cellular telephone in combination with a docking station. The docking station remains connected to the interface device 1302, through wired or wireless means, while the cellular telephone may be removed from the docking station and transported with a user. In this embodiment, data received from the interface device 1302 at the cellular telephone may be taken with the user to be utilized at a remote location. While the cellular telephone is not docked with the docking station, communication would occur between the device 1358 a and the interface device 1302 as well as between the communications network 1320 a and the interface device via a direct connection or via an alternate relay device.

The device 1358 a may provide data via signals which are transmitted either over a wireless signaling connection 1360 or over a wired signaling connection 1362 directly to the relay device 1324. Alternatively, the communications network 1320 a associated with the device 1358 a may provide data via signals which are transmitted either over a wireless signaling connection 1334 or over a wired signaling connection 1338 to the relay device 1324. The data may include audio, video, voice, text, rich media, or any combination thereof. Signals provided by the device 1358 a over the wireless signaling connection 1360 to the relay device 1324 and signals provided by the communications network 1320 a over the wireless signaling connection 1334 to the relay device may be in a format compatible with a cellular network, a WI-FI network, a WiMax network, a BLUETOOTH network, or a satellite network. Signals provided by the device 1358 a over the wired signaling connection 1362 to the relay device 1324 and signals provided by the communications network 1320 a over the wired signaling connection 1338 may be in a format compatible with a DSL modem, a cable modem, a coaxial cable set top box, or a fiber optic transceiver.

Once the relay device 1324 receives data from the device 1358 a or from the communications network 1320 a, the relay device may transmit the data to an interface 1304 associated with the interface device 1302 via a signal over a wireless signaling connection 1334 or a wired signaling connection 1338. In one embodiment, the device 1358 a and the communications network 1320 a may communicate both directly with the interface device 1302 through the interface 1304 and with the interface device via the relay device 1324 through the interface 1304. The interface 1304 may conform to a variety of wireless network standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the relay device 1324. The interface 1304 may include a cellular interface conformed to AMPS, GSM standards, and CDPD standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the relay device 1324. The interface 1304 may also include a WI-FI interface conformed to the 802.11x family of standards (such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g). The interface 1304 may further include a WiMax interface conformed to the 802.16 standards. Moreover, the interface 1304 may include at least one of a cordless phone interface or a proprietary wireless interface. It will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the interface 1304 may also conform to other wireless standards or protocols such as BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and UWB.

The interface 1304 may also conform to a variety of wired network standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the relay device 1324. The interface 1304 may include, but is not limited to, microphone and speaker jacks, a POTS interface, a USB interface, a FIREWIRE interface, a HDMI, an Enet interface, a coaxial cable interface, an AC power interface conformed to Consumer Electronic Bus (CEBus) standards and X.10 protocol, a telephone interface conformed to Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HomePNA) standards, a fiber optics interface, and a proprietary wired interface.

Signals provided by the relay device 1324 over the wireless signaling connection 1334 to the interface 1304 may be in a format compatible with a cellular network, a WI-FI network, a WiMax network, a BLUETOOTH network, or a proprietary wireless network. Signals provided over the wired signaling connection 1338 to the interface 1304 may be in a format compatible with microphone and speaker jacks, a POTS interface, a USB interface, a FIREWIRE interface, an Enet interface, a coaxial cable interface, an AC power interface, a telephone interface, a fiber optics interface, or a proprietary wired interface.

Data received at the interfaces 1304, 1306 either directly from the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b or via the relay device 1324 is provided to an interface controller 1308 via a signaling line 1316. The interface controller 1308 is similar to the interface controller 370 of the interface device 240 described above with respect to FIG. 3. Once the interface controller 1308 receives data from the devices 1358 a, 1358 b or the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b, the interface controller 1308 identifies one or more of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n and/or one or more of the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b to receive the data, identifies a format compatible with the one or more receiving devices and/or receiving networks, and translates the current format of the data to the format compatible with the one or more receiving devices and/or receiving networks, which is further discussed below. After the data is translated, the interface controller 1308 provides the data to one or more of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 associated with the one or more devices and or networks identified to receive the translated data via a signaling line 1318. For example, if the interface controller 1308 identifies a POTS telephone as the device to receive the translated data, then the interface controller provides the data via the signaling line 1318 to an interface compatible with POTS standards.

The interface controller 1308 is further configured to receive data from the user devices 1322 a-1322 n and the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b, identify one or more of the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and/or one or more of the communications network 1320 a, 1320 b to receive the data, identify a format compatible with the one or more receiving devices and/or receiving networks, and translate the current format of the data to the format compatible with the one or more receiving devices and/or receiving networks. Thus, the interface controller 1308 provides a bi-directional communication for all data transmitted between the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, between the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b, between the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b and the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, and between the communication networks 1320 a, 1320 b and the communications network 1356 a, 1356 b. In an illustrative embodiment, the interface controller 1308 is also configured to either amplify or attenuate the signals carrying the data transmitted between the communications networks and the devices.

The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may transmit the data to the user devices 1322 a-1322 n directly, as illustrated by the interface 1330 in FIG. 13, or the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may transmit the data to the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b associated with the devices 1322 a, 1322 b, as illustrated by the interfaces 1326, 1328 in FIG. 13. In either case, the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 transmit the data via a signal over wireless signaling connections 1346, 1350, and 1354 or wired signaling connections 1344, 1348, and 1352, respectively. In another embodiment, one of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may communicate the data to two or more of the devices 1322 a-1322 n and/or communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b.

The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may conform to a variety of wireless network standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the devices 1322 a-1322 n or the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b. The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may include at least one cellular interface conformed to AMPS, GSM standards, and CDPD standards for enabling communications between the interface device 1302 and the devices 1322 a, 1322 b, and 1322 n. The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may also include at least one WI-FI interface conformed to the 802.11x family of standards (such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g). The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may further include at least one WiMax interface conformed to the 802.16 standards. Moreover, the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may include at least one of a cordless phone interface or a proprietary wireless interface. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may also conform to other wireless standards or protocols such as BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and UWB.

The interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may transmit the data to the user devices 1322 a-1322 n directly, as illustrated by the interface 1330 in FIG. 13, or the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may transmit the data to the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b associated with the devices 1322 a, 1322 b, as illustrated by the interfaces 1326, 1328 in FIG. 13. In either case, the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 transmit the data via a signal over wireless signaling connections 1344, 1348, and 1352 or wired signaling connections 1346, 1350, and 1354, respectively. In another embodiment, one of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may communicate the data to two or more of the devices 1322 a-1322 n and/or communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b.

Signals provided by the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 over the wireless signaling connections 1344, 1348, and 1352 may be in a format compatible with a cellular network, a WI-FI network, a WiMax network, a BLUETOOTH network, or a proprietary wireless network. Signals provided over the wired signaling connections 1346, 1350, and 1354 may be in a format compatible with microphone and speaker jacks, a POTS interface, a USB interface, a FIREWIRE interface, an Enet interface, a coaxial cable interface, an AC power interface, a telephone interface, a fiber optics interface, or a proprietary wired interface.

For some interfaces such as, but not limited to, POTS interfaces, functionality of the interfaces that provide service from a network to a user device is different from the functionality of the interfaces that receive service from the network. Interfaces that deliver service from a network to a user device are commonly referred to as Foreign eXchange Subscriber (FXS) interfaces, and interfaces that receive service from the network are commonly referred to as Foreign eXchange Office (FXO) interfaces. In general, the FXS interfaces provide the user device dial tone, battery current, and ring voltage, and the FXO interfaces provide the network with on-hook/off-hook indications. In an embodiment, the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 are the FXS interfaces that deliver data from the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b to the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, and the interfaces 1304, 1306 are the FXO interfaces that receive data from the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b.

As mentioned above, the interface controller 1308 may control the translation of the data received at the interface device 1302 from one format to another. In particular, the interface controller 1308 is configured to control the behavior of the relay device 1324 and any additional components necessary for translating data in order to effectuate the translation of the data from one format to another format. For example, as described above, for translating between POTS compatible signals and cellular network compatible signals, the interface controller 1308 may communicate with an audio relay and a tone generator, and includes an off-hook/pulse sensor and a DTMF decoder. The interface device 1302 shares the same capabilities for translating between POTS compatible signals and cellular network compatible signals as described above with regard to the interface device 240 illustrated in FIG. 3, but the interface device 1302 also has additional translation capabilities for translating between any number and type of other signals. Consequently, the interface device 1302 may comprise any components necessary for a given translation.

According to one embodiment, the interface controller 1308 comprises a processor, RAM, and non-volatile memory including, but not limited to ROM and SRAM. The non-volatile memory is configured to store logic used by the interface controller 1308 to translate data received at the interface device 1302. In this sense, the non-volatile memory is configured to store the program that controls the behavior of the interface controller 1308, thereby allowing the interface controller 1308 to translate data signals from one format to another. The non-volatile memory is also adapted to store configuration information and may be adapted differently depending on geographical area and signal formats and protocols. The configuration information stored on the non-volatile memory of the interface controller 1308 may include default configuration information originally provided on the interface device 1302. In another embodiment, the configuration information may include a user profile associated with one or more of the devices 1322 a-1322 n, one or more of the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b, or a combination thereof. The user profile may include user preferences established by one or more users of the interface device 1302 regarding formats in which data is to be transmitted and received, translations to be performed on the data, the devices and networks to send and receive the data, as well as any other configuration information associated with transmitting data via the interface device 1302. The RAM is configured to store temporary data during the running of the program by the processor, allowing the RAM to operate as a memory buffer for times in which the data is being received at a rate that is faster than the interface device 1302 can determine a proper recipient, translate the data, and transmit the data to the proper recipient. The processor is configured to generate signaling data on the signaling line 1316, which may instruct the relay device 1324 to dial a number, connect to a network, etc.

As mentioned above, the interface device 1302 contains logic within the interface controller 1308 that is used by the interface controller to translate data received at the interface device. The logic may include any number and type of data translation standards. In particular, the interface controller 1308 uses the logic to translate the data received at one of the interfaces 1304, 1306, 1326, 1328, 1330 of the interface device 1302 from at least one format to at least one other format. How the data received at the interface device 1302 is translated may be based on any one or combination of factors. According to one embodiment, the type of data translation may depend on the source and destination of the data. It should be understood that although the description contained herein describes the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b as the source devices and the source networks, respectively, and the user devices 1322 a-1322 n and the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b as the destination devices and the destination networks, respectively, embodiments contemplate data transfer from the user devices 1322 a-1322 n and from the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b to the devices 1358 a, 1358 b and to the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b as well as bidirectional communication and data transfer. As an example, data arriving at the interface device 1302 that is directed to a POTS device would be translated to a format compatible for transmission over the appropriate medium associated with the POTS device.

According to another embodiment, the type of data translation may depend on default configuration information originally provided on the interface device 1302. For example, the default configuration information may be provided by a service provider offering the interface device 1302 to customers. In yet another embodiment, the type of data translations may depend on a user profile stored on the interface device 1302. As discussed above, the user profile may be configured by a user of the interface device 1302 to include user preferences regarding formats in which data is to be transmitted and received, translations to be performed on the data, the devices and networks to send and receive the data, as well as any other configuration information associated with transmitting data via the interface device 1302.

When configuring the user profile, the user may specify the appropriate destination device, transmission medium, and filtering options for data received under any variety of circumstances. For example, the user may configure the interface device 1302 such that all incoming rich media content is translated for transmission to and display on the device 1322 b which, as discussed above, may include a television. The user might configure the interface device 1302 such that only media from specific websites be allowed to download to a device or network via the interface device 1302. In doing so, the user profile might include access data such as a user name and password that will be required from the user prior to accessing a specific type or quantity of data. The user profile may additionally contain priorities for translation and transmission when multiple data signals and data formats are received at the interface device 1302. For example, a user may specify that audio data be given transmission priority over other types of data. The priority may be based on a specific transmitting or receiving device, the type of transmitting or receiving device, the format of the data being transmitted or received, the transmission medium of the transmitting or receiving signals, or any other variable. As used herein, the format associated with the data may include a transmission medium associated with the signal carrying the data, a standard associated with the data, or the content of the data.

It should be understood by one skilled in the art that data translations as discussed above may include several different types of data conversion. First, translating data may include converting data from a format associated with one transmission medium to another transmission medium. For example, audio data from an incoming telephone call may be translated from a wireless, cellular signal to a twisted pair wiring signal associated with POTS telephones. Next, data translation may include converting data from one type to another, such as when voice data from a telephone or network is translated into text data for display on a television or other display device. For example, data translation may include, but is not limited to, MPEG 2 translation to MPEG 4 or the reverse, Synchronized Multimedia Interface Language (SMIL) translation to MPEG 1, or Macromedia Flash to MPEG 4.

Additionally, data translation may include content conversion or filtering such that the substance of the data is altered. For example, rich media transmitted from one or more of the devices 1358 a, 1358 b or one or more of the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b may be filtered so as to extract only audio data for transmittal to one or more of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n or one or more of the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b. Translation may further include enhancing the data, applying equalizer settings to the data, improving a poor quality signal carrying data based on known characteristics of the device providing the data signal, degrading the data signal, or adding a digital watermark to the data to identify the device or the network associated with the data or the user sending the data. Translation may further include adding information to the data and annotating the data. Moreover, translation may include any combination of the above types of data conversions.

In one embodiment, data received at the interface controller 1308 may include a request for data. It should be understood that the request may be dialed telephone numbers, an IP address associated with a network or device, or any other communication initiating means. When a request for data is provided by one of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, the devices 1358 a, 1358 b, the communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b, or the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b, the interface controller 1308 receives the request and converts the request to a digital command. The digital command is transmitted as signaling data either on the signaling line 1316 to one or more of the interfaces 1304, 1306 or on the signaling line 1318 to one or more of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 based on the devices and/or communications networks identified to receive the request. Once received at one or more of the interfaces 1304, 1306 or one or more of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330, the signaling data is transmitted to the destination devices and/or communications networks either directly or via the relay device 1324. If the signaling data is transmitted to the relay device 1324, the signaling data instructs the relay device to make the required connection to the identified devices 1358 a, 1358 b and/or the identified communications networks 1320 a, 1320 b.

When a connection is made between the device 1358 a and one or more of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, between the device 1358 a and one or more of the communications networks 1356 a, 1356 b, between the communications network 1320 a and one or more of the user devices 1322 a-1322 n, or between the communication network 1320 a and one or more of the communications network 1356 a, 1356 b in response to a request for data, the relay device 1324 detects the connection and conveys a signal to the interface controller 1308. In this illustrative embodiment, in response to receiving the signal from the relay device 1324, the interface controller 1308 enables bi-directional communication of the requested data. If one of the devices and/or communications networks that requested the data disconnects, then the disconnect is detected by the interface controller 1308. In this illustrative embodiment, the interface controller 1308 terminates the bi-directional communication by generating another signal which instructs the relay device 1324 to stop transmission and reception of the data. If, on the other hand, the relay device 1324 disconnects, then this is detected by the interface controller 1308 which, in response, terminates the bi-directional communication by stopping transmission and reception of the data.

While hardware components are shown with reference to FIG. 13 to describe the interface controller 1308, it will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art that the interface controller 1308 may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In one illustrative embodiment, the interface controller 1308 is implemented in software or firmware that is stored in a memory and that is executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in FIG. 13, the interface controller 1308 may be implemented with any or a combination of the following technologies including, but not limited to, a discrete logic circuit having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon data signals, an ASIC having appropriate combinational logic gates, a PGA, a FPGA, other adaptive chip architectures, etc.

The power supply 1312 is configured to provide the components of the interface device 1302 with the requisite power similar to the power supply 335 discussed above in view of FIG. 3. In this sense, the power supply 1312 is connected to an external power supply 1314 from which it receives external power. The external power is converted by the power supply 1312 to a DC voltage, which is used to power the components of interface device 1302 and optionally, the relay device 1324.

Referring now to FIG. 14, additional details regarding the operation of the interface device 1302 for providing communications between a first device and a second device will be discussed. It should be appreciated that the logical operations of the various embodiments are implemented (1) as a sequence of computer implemented acts or program modules running on a computing system and/or (2) as interconnected machine logic circuits or circuit modules within the computing system. The implementation is a matter of choice dependent on the performance requirements of the computing system implementing exemplary embodiments. Accordingly, the logical operations of FIG. 14 and other flow diagrams and making up the embodiments described herein are referred to variously as operations, structural devices, acts or modules. It will be recognized by one skilled in the art that these operations, structural devices, acts and modules may be implemented in software, in firmware, in special purpose digital logic, and any combination thereof without deviating from the spirit and scope of exemplary embodiments as recited within the claims attached hereto.

The routine 1400 begins at operation 1402, where data is received in a first format from a first device 1321. The data is received at an interface 1304 of interface device 1302. The interface device 1302 identifies a second device 1322 for receiving the data at operation 1404. This identification may depend upon a user profile stored within the interface device 1302. Alternatively, identifying a second device may comprise selecting a second device that is compatible with the signal type or transmission medium corresponding to the data received at interface 1304. After identifying the second device 1322, the interface device 1302 identifies a second format compatible with the second device 1322 at operation 1406. Similarly, this process may be based on a user profile or on the characteristics of the second device 1322. For example, the second device may be selected based on a user profile that instructs a POTS telephone to receive all media received at interface 1304. Because the POTS telephone does not have the capability to display video, the interface device 1302 may identify the second format as containing only the audio portion of the received media.

At operation 1408, the data is translated to the second format for transmittal to the second device 1322. The data is then transmitted to the second device 1322 at operation 1410. The communications capabilities of interface device 1302 are bi-directional. At operation 1412, data is received in a second format from the second device 1322. This data is translated to the first format at operation 1414. After transmitting the translated data to the first device 1321 at operation 1416, the routine 1400 continues to operation 1418, where it ends.

Turning now to FIG. 15, an illustrative routine 1500 will be described illustrating a process for interfacing devices with communications networks. The routine 1500 begins at operation 1502, where the interface 1304 associated with the interface device 1302 receives data in a first format from the communications network 1320 a via the relay device 1324. As discussed above, the interface 1304 may conform to a variety of wireless or wired network standards such that the interface may receive a variety of types of data via a variety of types of signals.

Once the data is received at the interface 1304, the routine 1500 continues to operation 1504, where the data is transmitted via the signaling line 1316 to the interface controller 1308. At operation 1506, the interface controller 1308 identifies at least one of the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data from the communications network 1320 a. As discussed above in view of FIG. 13, the interface controller 1308 may identify which of the devices 1322 a-1322 n should receive the data based on compatibility with the communications networks associated with each of the devices, a user profile stored on the interface device 1302, or instructions from the communications network 1320 a that provided the data as to which of the devices should receive the data.

After the interface controller 1308 identifies at least one of the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data, the routine 1500 proceeds to operation 1508, where the interface controller 1308 identifies a second format compatible with the communications network associated with the at least one device identified from the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data. The routine 1500 then proceeds to operation 1510, where the interface controller 1308 determines whether the first format of the data is the same as the second format compatible with the communications network associated with the at least one device identified from the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data. If the formats are the same, then the routine 1500 proceeds to operation 1514. If the formats are not the same, then the routine 1500 proceeds to operation 1512, where the interface controller 1308 translates the data from the first format to the second format compatible with the communications network associated with the at least one device identified from the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data. The routine 1500 then proceeds to operation 1514.

At operation 1514, the interface controller 1308 transmits the data, whether translated or not, through at least one of the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 associated with the at least one device identified from the devices 1322 a-1322 n to the device identified from the devices 1322 a-1322 n to receive the data via either a wireless or wired signaling connection. As discussed above with regard to FIG. 13, the interfaces 1326, 1328, and 1330 may be conformed to a variety of wired and wireless network standards so that the interfaces can transmit a variety of types of data via a variety of types of signals. From operation 1514, the routine 1500 continues to operation 1516, where it ends.

It will be appreciated that embodiments provide methods, systems, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for interfacing devices with communications networks. Although exemplary embodiments have been described in language specific to computer structural features, methodological acts and by computer readable media, it is to be understood that exemplary embodiments defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific structures, acts or media described. Therefore, the specific structural features, acts and mediums are disclosed as exemplary embodiments implementing the claimed invention.

The various embodiments described above are provided by way of illustration only and should not be construed to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize various modifications and changes that may be made to exemplary embodiments without following the example embodiments and applications illustrated and described herein, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments, which are set forth in the following claims. 

1. An interface device for providing communications between at least one source device and at least one destination device, comprising: an input for receiving data in at least a first format from the at least one source device; a logic configured for identifying the at least one destination device for receiving the data, identifying a second format compatible with the at least one destination device, translating the data to the second format, and assigning a priority to the data indicating an order of transmitting the data to the at least one destination device during a time of data congestion, wherein the priority is based on characteristics of the data comprising at least one of the at least one source device, a first service plan associated with the at least one source device, or a second service plan associated with the at least one destination device; and an output for transmitting the data to the identified at least one destination device based on the priority.
 2. The interface device of claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the data comprise the format of the data.
 3. The interface device of claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the data are stored on headers associated with the data.
 4. The interface device of claim 3, wherein the characteristics of the data are stored on Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tags in the headers.
 5. The interface device of claim 1, further comprising a logic configured for performing at least one of enhancing the data, applying equalizer settings to the data, or improving a signal carrying the data based on known characteristics of the at least one source device.
 6. The interface device of claim 1, further comprising a logic configured for performing at least one of degrading the signal carrying the data or adding a digital watermark to the data.
 7. The interface device of claim 1, wherein translation of the data is prioritized based on characteristics of the data.
 8. An interface device for providing communications between at least one source device and a destination device, comprising: an input for receiving data in at least a first format from the at least one source device; a logic configured for identifying the destination device for receiving the data, identifying at least a second format and a third format compatible with the destination device, and translating the data from the first format to the second format and from the first format to the third format, and assigning a priority to the data indicating an order of transmitting the data to the destination device during a time of data congestion, wherein the priority is based on characteristics of the data comprising at least one of the at least one source device, a first service plan associated with the at least one source device, or a second service plan associated with the at least one destination device; and at least one output for transmitting the data in the second format and the translated data in the third format to the destination device based on the priority.
 9. The interface device of claim 8, wherein the characteristics of the data include the format of the data.
 10. The interface device of claim 8, wherein the characteristics of the data are stored on headers associated with the data.
 11. The interface device of claim 10, wherein the characteristics of the data are stored on Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tags in the headers.
 12. The interface device of claim 8, wherein translation of the data is prioritized based on characteristics of the data.
 13. A method for providing communications between one or more source devices and one or more destination devices, comprising: receiving data in at least a first format from the one or more source devices; identifying at least one destination device from the one or more destination devices for receiving the data; identifying a second format compatible with the at least one destination device; translating the data to the second format; and assigning a priority to the data indicating an order of transmitting the data to the at least one destination device during a time of data congestion, wherein the priority is based on characteristics of the data comprising at least one of the one or more source devices, a first service plan associated with the one or more source devices, or a second service plan associated with the one or more destination devices.
 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising transmitting the data in the second format to the at least one destination device based on the priority.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics of the data comprise the format of the data.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the characteristics of the data are stored on Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tags in headers associated with the data.
 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising prioritizing translation of the data based on characteristics of the data. 